Americans for Fairness in Lending

The New York Times

Citigroup on Monday joined a growing list of financial institutions offering to modify the terms of mortgages for distressed borrowers, unveiling a program to help thousands meet their monthly payments while reducing the bank’s potential for larger losses as the economy erodes.

About 130,000 mortgage customers are expected to qualify for the program, resulting in the workouts of over $20 billion of loans. Bank executives said they believed it would reduce losses by hundreds of millions of dollars, and possibly more. Like some of its competitors, Citi will also hold off foreclosing on troubled borrowers who have income enough to make their monthly payment and who make a good-faith effort to work out their loan with the bank.

Several of the nation’s largest banks have made similar offers to hundreds of thousands of homeowners with plans that may wind up helping a larger pool of troubled borrowers than the government’s plan to partly guarantee home loans. Roughly 1.5 million homes were in foreclosure at the end of June, the last month for which data is available, and economists expect more borrowers to default in the coming months as unemployment rises and home values fall even more.

JPMorgan Chase, which acquired Washington Mutual and its troubled loan portfolio, announced plans in late October to cut monthly payments by lowering interest rates and temporarily reducing loan balances for as many as 400,000 homeowners. Bank of America, which acquired the large mortgage lender Countrywide Financial, announced a similar program aimed at 400,000 borrowers as part of a settlement with state officials a few weeks earlier. And HSBC ramped up its mortgage modification effort in January, and has adjusted 61,000 mortgages so far this year.

The loan modification programs closely resemble one that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation put in place at IndyMac after it took over that bank in mid-July. Citi plans to reduce monthly payments by temporarily reducing loan balances and by cutting interest rates to as low as 1 percent for up to 2 years. The F.D.I.C. has said it may be able to help 47,000 delinquent IndyMac borrowers.

Citigroup will focus on customers who live in areas where home values have fallen sharply and job losses have spiked. All kinds of mortgages will be eligible for modification, not just the most toxic types, like negative amortization loans.

Like those at the other banks, Citi’s plan addresses only loans that the bank owns and not the mortgages that it services on behalf of bond investors who own mortgage-backed securities. Banks have less leeway in changing the terms of loans packaged into securities, because contracts that govern them can be very restrictive. But they are just a small part of the giant mortgage industry.

“Our response is more broad-based and is intended to pre-empt a more systemic economic crisis that borrowers are likely to face in highly distressed areas,” said Sanjiv Das, the head of Citigroup’s consumer mortgage division.